Chapter 7171 Worried

The government must abide by the law!

Lin Feng's eyebrows moved slightly.

This is indeed a difference in cognition as Clinton said.

Lin Feng has traveled all over the country over the years. It can be said that he has been to countless countries. His experience is much richer than that of most people. But in terms of ideology, he has not completely transformed.

It can be said that he is still fundamentally different from Westerners, or Americans.

This difference is not about who is better or worse. This is purely the ideology formed under the two national models.

Lin Feng does not criticize this, and cannot criticize it.

As a powerful person, Lin Feng deeply understands this truth. When you reach a certain status, some things cannot be said.

"This is the difference in ideology. When consciousness reaches a certain stage, it will bring a powerful energy to promote everything." Clinton said, "California's independent cognition started from the Windy City. A brand new city is built out of thin air. No matter how much money you spend, it takes time for people to accept a brand new city. In particular, the target of catching up is Hollywood."

Lin Feng nodded.

Lin Feng was also worried about this at the beginning. After all, he invested hundreds of billions of dollars. Although he wanted to vent his anger, he couldn't really become a laughing stock in the end.

But no one expected this result. It would be like this.

"What is the biggest problem for a US federal state to be independent?" Clinton explained, "There have been countless state governments in the history of the United States that wanted to be independent, such as Kentucky, and Texas, which I am most worried about!"

No one knows American politics better than Clinton, who was once the President of the United States. In particular, Clinton was once a lawyer and he knows American law very well.

"Why did the United States have state independence? In this regard, from the beginning of the founding of the country, under the intervention of England, and in order to establish the country as soon as possible, the US federal government reached an agreement with various states, which is the famous: Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions." Clinton said.

The so-called Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were bills passed by the Virginia and Kentucky legislatures to protest the federal government's "Alien Act and Suppression of Rebellion Act." The Virginia Resolutions were drafted by Madison and passed by the state legislature on December 24, 1798. The Kentucky Resolutions were drafted by Vice President Jefferson, proposed by Breckinridge, and passed by the state legislature on November 16, 1798.

"There is also the Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which is also the last clause of the Bill of Rights. It stipulates that the states of the United States have relatively independent autonomy. The provisions of the bill are: the powers not granted to the United States by the Constitution nor prohibited to the states shall be reserved by the states or by the people." Clinton explained, "In other words, the Constitution tacitly approves state independence!"

Lin Feng curled his lips. This is really American style. A country actually allows division.

"But this was originally a choice made to unify the country as soon as possible and avoid being divided by Britain and France. After that, the country stabilized and began to solve the drawbacks caused by these bills. Among them, the most famous is: McCulloch v. Maryland." Clinton said.

McCulloch v. Maryland, in simple terms, is the establishment of the Second Bank of the United States. As for why it is called the First Bank, it is because in order to solve the various war debt problems left over from the ‘War of Independence’ and the ‘Shays Rebellion’, the United States needed to establish a bank, so the ‘First Bank’ was established, which was the first national bank in the United States. However, after the expiration of the contract of the First Bank, it did not re-obtain authorization from Congress, because the state governments were worried that the power of the US federal government would be too great and affect them, so they all vetoed the resolution to continue the authorization. Therefore, the First Bank came to an end.

It existed for a total of 20 years.

After that, in 1812, Britain broke out the Second American War of Independence in order to regain its colonies. It ended in 1815 and the United States won.

(By the way, at this moment, China was in the 20th year of Jiaqing of the Qing government. The national strength had seriously declined and the country had long been in dire straits. The White Lotus Sect began to rise during this period. But no matter what, China at this moment, whether in economic strength or military strength, is still far superior to the United States.)

But in order to solve the various economic problems left over from the war, the establishment of a national bank is imperative. Therefore, the Second Bank was established. However, the establishment of the Second Bank also means the establishment of a unified national banking financial institution, which will directly affect the interests of banks and investors in various states.

Therefore, the Maryland State Assembly enacted a law in 1818 to impose an annual tax of $15,000 on all in-state banks or bank branches that were not established by the state legislature. Naturally, in fact, the only bank that meets the tax conditions is the branch of the Second Bank of the United States in Baltimore, Maryland, so the tax law is aimed directly at the federal government.

For this law, the Second Bank, as a national bank, naturally does not pay taxes. So, the result is that Maryland sued McCulloch (the teller of the branch) in the state court.

The result is needless to say. The state government sued a teller of the Second Bank in the state court, and this lawsuit is sure to win. The court sentenced teller McCulloch to a fine of $100.

What is the concept of this $100? It's very simple. In 1900, the prices of the latest sewing machine with seat in Missoula (the largest department store in the United States at that time) in New York were: 14 yuan for the latest sewing machine in Missoula, 4.5 yuan for a revolver for a cowboy, and 2 yuan for a general pistol. A men's wool suit was 8 yuan, a medium-length jacket was 20 yuan, and leather boots were 1.5 yuan.

As for pushing it back 50 years, that is, in 1850, the price was even cheaper.

A trained horse cost about 10 US dollars, and a single-family wooden house cost less than 100 US dollars. This is a very low price.

A fine of 100 US dollars is obviously very heavy for an individual.

Cashier McCulloch was naturally dissatisfied. Of course, he was a native of Maryland, but this lawsuit had little to do with where he was from and his background. It can be said that it had nothing to do with it.

This is a contest between the federal government and the state government.

Therefore, McCulloch appealed, but the appeal was still in the Maryland Court of Appeals. The result of this judgment is naturally predictable. Continue to lose.

After that, the lawsuit went to the Federal Supreme Court.

Marshall, the federal justice at the time, believed that this was an opportunity, an opportunity to suppress the state government to prevent the state government from having too much power and leading to greater civil unrest.

In the end, with the support of the Supreme Court, McCulloch won the lawsuit. And this bill declared that the US federal government has legitimate constitutional rights, but exercises the privileges of the federal government.

"It can be said that this judgment gives the federal government the privilege to suppress state governments." Clinton sighed.

"After that, another war made independence even more impossible! That is the 'Civil War'. It can be said that the Civil War was a civil war. In our American cognition, we never think that the Civil War, our victorious side, that is, the victory of the Northern Corps, is a war of liberation."

Lin Feng narrowed his eyes slightly. This Clinton really deserves to be the former president of the United States. This art of speaking is superb and admirable. This is a subtle criticism.

"Initially, the war was only for national unity, not for the liberation of slaves. After that, the Northern Army was unable to defeat the Southern Army, and even suffered heavy losses in the Eastern battlefield. Moreover, because the Southern Army had been receiving support from the British and French governments, it was at a disadvantage. In this case, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation!" Clinton shrugged, "So, this has nothing to do with the liberation of black slaves, it is purely for national unity!"

Everyone knows a little about the inside story of the Civil War. It's just that Clinton, as the former president of the United States, spoke so bluntly about the ugly things that happened in his country before, which is somewhat surprising!

"There is nothing to hide, this is the truth. Therefore, because the Emancipation Proclamation, which was purely for the victory of the war, naturally did not have much effect. Therefore, racial discrimination in the United States is still serious. No one can deny this point." Clinton said.

"But all this is no longer so solid now!" Clinton was worried.

(Sorry, I finished it too late today, because it took too much time to search for these historical materials, and I also had to spend energy to read, understand, and try to write them out with simple words, so I finished it too late, and the result is only two! I'm really sorry!)

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